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Chemical etching solution formula and process conditions

    Etching different metals requires different solution formulations and process conditions. For the etching solution formulations and process conditions of commonly used metal materials, see Table 6-4 to Table 6-6.

    Table 6-4 Formula and process conditions of metal chemical etching solution

    Solution composition and process conditions 1 2 3 4 5

    Ferric chloride (FeCl3)/(g/L)

    Hydrochloric acid (HCl)/(g/L)

    Hydrofluoric acid (HF)/(mL/L)

    Phosphoric acid (H3P04)/(g/L)

    Copper sulfate (CuS04)/(g/L)

    Sulfuric acid (HzS04)/(g/L)

    Nitric acid (HN03)/(g/L)

    Etching accelerator/(g/L)

    Kerosene/(g/L)

    Solution temperature/℃

    Processing time/min

    Applicable materials 800~900

    100~120mL/L

    80~120

    5~8(Leveling agent)

    20~50

    15~25

    Steel 450~560

    5~10mL/L

    A small amount

    20~50

    Die steel 600~800

    80~120

    20~30

    80~100

    10~45

    15~20

    Stainless steel 600~650

    90~100

    8~12

    15~50

    10~15

    Copper alloy 450~550

    200~300

    10~20

    20~40

    10~20

    Cast aluminum

    Table 6-5 Metal copper chemical etching solution formula and process conditions

    Solution composition and process conditions 1 2 3 4

    Nitric acid (HN03)/(mL/L)

    Sulfuric acid (HzS04)/(mL/L)

    Chromic anhydride (Cr03)/(g/L)

    Sodium chloride (NaCl)/(g/L)

    Solution temperature/℃

    Etching time/min 1000

    20

    45

    20~30

    15~20 1000

    40~50

    60~80

    10~15 —

    50

    400

    20~30

    15~20 50

    900~1000

    10~20

    60~80

    10~15

    Table 6-6 Chemical etching solution formula and process conditions for zinc castings

    Solution composition and process conditions 1 2 3

    Nitric acid (HN03, 65%)/(mL/L)

    Hydrochloric acid (HCl, 37%)/(9/L)

    Solution temperature/C

    Processing time 800~1000

    20~30

    According to the etching depth

    210~240

    20~30

    According to the etching depth

    150~300

    25~50

    According to the etching depth