Springs are everywhere in our lives. In every detail, the spring plays an essential role. In the sliding door we enter and exit, there are springs, spring scales for shopping, spring pullers for sports, etc. In the mechanical industry, the spring is even more important. There are steel leaf spring under the truck carriage, pressure spring in brake, and copper spring in many electrical switches Therefore, the small spring has a great effect, and different kinds of springs play different roles and functions
1. Measurement function
Within the limit of spring elasticity, the elongation or compression of spring is directly proportional to external force. Therefore, we can make spiral springs such as spring scales, chest expanders and so on.
2. Compression function
Observing various electrical switches, it can be found that one of the two contacts of the switch must be equipped with a spring to ensure that the two contacts are in close contact and make good conduction. If the contact is not good, the resistance at the contact becomes larger, the heat generated when the current passes through becomes larger, and the metal at the contact will be melted seriously. The two metal columns of bayonet lamp holder are equipped with springs to ensure good contact; as for the central metal sheet of screw lamp cap and all socket metal plates are spring plates, their function is to make both sides contact closely to ensure good conduction.
In a cassette tape, there is a reed made of phosphor bronze. The elastic force produced by bending deformation makes the magnetic head in close contact with the tape. There is a long spiral spring in the stapler. On the one hand, it is used to tighten the staples. On the other hand, when the front nail is pushed out, the back nail can be sent to the front for pushing out when the stapling is ready. In this way, the nails can be pushed to the front automatically until all the nails are used up. Many machines feed automatically, and the automatic loading of bullets in automatic rifles relies on the function of springs. In addition, like clip for clothes, ball point pen and clip on pen cover are clamped on clothes by spring compression function.
3. Driving function
Mechanical clocks and clocks, spring toys are driven by tightening the spring. When the spring is tightened, the spring will produce bending deformation and store a certain elastic potential energy. After release, the elastic potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the hour, minute, second hand or wheel are driven to rotate by the transmission device. Many toy guns are equipped with springs.
When the spring is compressed, it has potential energy. When the trigger is pulled, the spring is released. The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, and the impact ball is shot along the barrel. Starting guns and military guns used in track and field competitions also use the elastic potential energy converted into kinetic energy after the spring is released to impact the fuze of the starting paper or bullet to complete the command or firing task.
4. Reset function
The spring deforms under the action of external force. After the external force is removed, the spring can return to its original state. Many tools and equipment use the spring to reset. For example, the hinges of many building doors are installed with reset springs, and the doors will reset automatically after people enter and leave. People also make use of this function to make automatic umbrella, automatic pencil and other supplies, very convenient. In addition, all kinds of buttons and buttons also need a return spring.
5. Buffer function
The spring is installed between the frame and the wheel of locomotive and automobile, and the elasticity of spring is used to slow down the bumping of vehicle.